Although suppressing the spread of a disease is usually achieved by investingin public resources, in the real world only a small percentage of thepopulation have access to government assistance when there is an outbreak, andmost must rely on resources from family or friends. We study the dynamics ofdisease spreading in social-contact multiplex networks when the recovery ofinfected nodes depends on resources from healthy neighbors in the social layer.We investigate how degree heterogeneity affects the spreading dynamics. Usingtheoretical analysis and simulations we find that degree heterogeneity promotesdisease spreading. The phase transition of the infected density is hybrid andincreases smoothly from zero to a finite small value at the first invasionthreshold and then suddenly jumps at the second invasion threshold. We alsofind a hysteresis loop in the transition of the infected density. We furtherinvestigate how an overlap in the edges between two layers affects thespreading dynamics. We find that when the amount of overlap is smaller than acritical value the phase transition is hybrid and there is a hysteresis loop,otherwise the phase transition is continuous and the hysteresis loop vanishes.In addition, the edge overlap allows an epidemic outbreak when the transmissionrate is below the first invasion threshold, but suppresses any explosivetransition when the transmission rate is above the first invasion threshold.
展开▼
